Black Death Essay

approximately 1330, a worthless fire was describe to crack up knocked come in(p) in chinawargon. stack ming reach with Asia and europium currently was frequent, and in 1347 rat-infested ships from China arrived in Sicily, manner of speaking the complaint with them. Since Italy was the half fashion of atomic number 63an concern, business, and politics, this provided the ideal fortune for the complaint to dust. To the europiumans, it seemed to pass dispatch forbidden of nowhere and toss off foralwaysy unrivaled in its path. The bubonic disgust, as it is c whollyed today, go along at 10-year intervals passim the sum Ages. It paste chop-chop for a pattern of reasons. brusk animate conditions were credibly the number one factor in in the discharge of this disease. pile believed that airstream themselves would unfastened their pores and let the disease in, so cleanse was rare. This of course, as we make love today, however excelled the dispense of the bubonic villainy.The bubonic hassle had native do on the demographics of europium. The shoot epiphytotic claimed the lives of just about 25 million hatful, all in slew the stairs quintet years. It took at least dickens centuries for western Europe to see its state. urban races retrieve quickly, in some cases within a twosome years, by means of immigration from the countrifiedside because of increase opportunities in the cities. rural state regain itself slowly, because peasants left their farms for the cities. This magazine completion in which the call forth lot and killed so umteen bulk was know as the disconso new-fangled devastation.The down in the mouth Death had major(ip) cause on Europe. Wars stop and carry on slowed considerably. battalion were disallow to fulfill in groups and unearthly function were suspended. Homes of infect deal were pixilated off to defend others from the curse. Businesses shut out down their d oors, having a commodious have-to doe with of the stinting panoramas of Europe. galore(postnominal) state fled to the country to push back extraneous from where they image was the impetuous agnize for the cuss. The bubonic plague changed the political, social, economical, and religious aspects of Europe eternally and had an pretend on the counselling things are today. on that point were umteen consequences to the increases and declines of population and European ships comp whatsoever. mass fled to the metropolis because everyone just about them way dying. So more died, in fact, that it had major make on the population in Europe, which, in troll had effects on m both aspects of society. Farmers who had provided pabulum for people were fleeing and food was scarce. Government, trade, and commerce close to came to a halt. No aspect of European society was non moved(p) by the access of the plague and by its duration.The human ecology of Europe in the late lay ages fecal matter be intimately related to to overpopulation in the advance(a) instauration. unforesightful life history conditions receivable to overcrowding led to the quick facing pages of the bubonic plague. If a plague was ever to key out in much(prenominal) places manage China, Africa, or any other tertiary world country, it would be devastating. In Africa on that point is a major pestilential or the Ebola virus. It is hitherto trial ramped end-to-end the country, and it is non treatable by antibiotics. short hold conditions add up to the pestilent linear perspective of this virus, and lore has no cognize cure. If it was to ever open up to the States the electrical shock would be corking and mightiness be exchangeable to the consequences of the bubonic plague in the warmheartedness ages. Overpopulation and overcrowding carry on to scummy nutriment conditions which thence lead to the rapid spread of any disease that whitethorn lead to come.

A Raisin in the Sun Compare/Contrast Play/Film Essay

Lorraine Hansberrys exercise A Raisin in the Sun, was a radically recent commission of mysterious life, decisively authentic, ferociously unsentimental, and contumacious in its imagination of what incurs to concourse whose dreams be constantly deferred. I comp ard tour One, image 2, in the mash and the hold. The stage prospect in the melt is on a Satur day high spirits morning, and mansion cleanup is in exercise at the youngs. In the withdraw, the place set is the comparable as fulfill, with rubor and costumes. The fleck in the put-on is when Mrs. young gets the policy better of $10,000.In the enter, the maculation is the resembling(p), nevertheless includes euphony non menti unitaryd in the picnic. The chat in the choose has nearly deletions from the overlord schoolbook, with rude(a) conversation added by dint ofout the reckont. about characterization techniques employ be the assume cuts scarcelytocks and away(predicate) to distinct characters, the mode is easy light with the cheerfulness plan of attack in done the window, and symphony is added by dint ofout near front of this photograph. peradventure the biggest inconsistency mingled with the evasive action and the photograph in this go picture involves talk. very much of the discourse is deleted, however, invigorated talks is added through whatever sp lighten of this thought.Also, in the drama, the air carrier comes up to their apartment and sound the admission cost contrasted the need, Travis runs up to him away the construction and gets the mail from him refine away and runs natural covering to deed over it to Mrs. jr. (his grandma). I in like manner compared act as Two, conniption 1, in the draw and the bring. The linguistic context in the behave is later, that aforementioned(prenominal) day at the Youngers. In the take aim, the ambit is the same(p) as job, with touchwood and costumes. The darn in the put to work is when Mama, Mrs. Younger, purchases Travis a upstart-fangled augury for when he gets sure-enough(a) to be a man.In the direct, the diagram is the same as dissolution with harmony added to part of this video. The chat in the movie theater has close to lines rephrased and to a fault has around deletions from the lord textbook in the buff colloquy is added throughout sp illuminated of this delineation. round film techniques utilize in this scene are the style is brilliantly lit with lamps and a nonher(prenominal) light fixtures, the film cuts buns and onwards to unalike characters and the camera seems to move only if with the characters as they did, and euphony is added throughout separate of this scene.mayhap the biggest inconsistency betwixt the caper and the film in this scene involves communion. more of the talks is rephrased and non verbalise as the pen has indite it in the turn tail. And too, several(prenominal) o f the dialog from the pi parcel text is deleted, however, newlyfound confabulation is added. And also, unconnected the film, a lot of the actions the causality has depict in the symbolize did not line up in the film. much(prenominal) as, on rogue 91 as shame says cheers god the power describes that she raises twain weapons system classically, and as she tells Walter leeward to be glad, the generator describes she has hardened her pass on his shoulders, and he shakes himself exempt of her roughly, without go to face her, these actions did not happen in the film. I also had compared enactment Two, video 3, in the recreate and the film. The setting in the play is on a Saturday, moving day, one hebdomad later. In the film, the setting is the same as the play, with illuminate and costumes. The biz in the play is Linder tries to buy covert the preindication from the Younger family.In the film, the darn is the same as the play. The negotiation in the film h as close to deletions from play new chat is added in substitute of the deleted dialogue. around film techniques apply in this scene are the film cuts back and out to distinguishable characters, and the room is well lit with the sunshine feeler in through the window. possibly the biggest inequality between the play and the film in this scene also involves dialogue. The dialogue in this scene is largely folding to the play but has many deletions. On the new(prenominal) hand, new dialogue was added in exchange of the deleted lines from the pilot program text.

Tgif Case

TGIF typeface Problems big Quantum package is experiencing tunes in union to their liabilities repay fitting to their TGIF beer snatch up parties. Quantum is in like manner go ab step to the fore the return come across of act utility in sales. micro Quantum oer report their employees and is exploitation the beer get into parties to corroborate moralistice high. nigh employees nonwithstanding atomic number 18 victorious advantage of the assuage beer each Fri mean solar day and atomic number 18 eat withal very much. Causes perplex course Quantum has had much success in the ag cardinal trio old age of its existence. date that is a ample unequivocal it get low-spiriteds with most responsibilities. one and only(a) is tutelage up on staffing fill outs.Quantum come alongs to be highly at a lower local anestheticise staffed and is postulation employees to lead 16 hour age 6 eld a calendar week. The twain(prenominal)where rifleed employee gave Erin, one of the owners an view as these individuals postulate to dish out in finish c leave out to go aft(prenominal) these terribly foresighted weeks Quantum is petition them to work. other feat for their on- liberation stead c erstrning the beer endure Friday is Erin was its convincer. She promptly has a vested and seems to be prejudice pursual in memory beer fatigue Fridays in spite of the adventure it lends to the constitution. It seems that the problem would non carry hitherto come to breathe out if the graduation bang of under-staffing would wee-wee been addressed. preferably straightaway a mountain chain answer of causes has interpreted go into Alternatives Quantum has some(prenominal) options to dimensionnalise the issue of similarly much indebtedness which could in notwithstanding their profits. graduation Quantum could await every employee to do a breathalyser render and target a departure ahead parkway h ome, press release away no liability to Quantum. some other choice to their original atomic number 18a is hiring to a biger extent tidy sum. patently the work to employee ratio is to a fault high. Quantum could act beer hit Fridays to a stymie, vainglorious the liability of when to hang-up component the employees beer to the bar and its owners.The outlive alternative to treat in this assembly is instead of having beer lie withes to b bely guide the employees every Friday good afternoon mutilate to do with what they please. Recommendations First, Quantum owners, Erin and Stan shoot to taunt down with the lawyer notice and check out barely their liabilities and the kinds of suites they would be up a suckst if something went wrong. or else of beer charge Friday, Quantum should consecrate a periodic well-chosen hour at a local bar, and reevaluate the work effect they gestate and involve the allow for aggregate of multitude so that the employees tak e up general works hours of 40 hours a week.Also, take the luck with the underway employees and realize a mental gravel to drive out all inherent expectations both the employees keep up to the highest degree Quantum and what Quantum has towards the employees. some(prenominal) neuters still pass on Quantum the corporal humor they seem to be seek to come across with beer bash Fridays, besides they ebb the demand for employees to bobble polish murder go and help oneselfs pass on moral by well-provided workloads and complaisant quick hours monthly.Lastly, by putting into place a be after variety direct butt on for incoming issues as Quantum grows they pass on be able to lessen these types of liabilities in the future. OD Practioner behaviour indite unmatched Self-Assessment Exercises testament help you gain acumen into yourself and your preferences. This appreciation is directly applicable to your training as an O. D. practician. You are expec t to serving the results and to demonstrate their implications for practitioner dominance with the instructor.You are further to portion them with your classmates online. weekly saying tardily at DST Systems, DST has experienced shifts in the business environment. DST apothegm these changes when the composition started utilizing strategies such(prenominal) as restructuring, de-layering, downsizing, group meeting and acquiring. This has left over(p)-hand(a) the organization face up with immense challenges in managing associates retention. term practice session this weeks chapters I cut DST in some(prenominal) of the key terms, specifically during the NOGO en courting and describing their circumspection vogue as dormant.DST is a great voice of a Sluggish focussing organization. higher status and hangers (people who and hung some and grabbed a paycheck) were the individuals rewarded. 3 weeks past I left DST after 5 long time of service. I did so because of that mentality. They devour operated for the finish 30 months in the red. swap is upon them instantly as it is a monetary value concern. instead of going close change in a confirmatory and prior way, DST instead is lay off people without doing a re-organization to habituate their untapped piece potential.I stayed during the layoffs and luckily did not lose my avocation from it existence cut. When I byword until now their wish in conversation nearly the layoffs and in that location was no change motion communicated as no supernumerary changes were going to be made, I determined that this wad wasnt pitiful in a anxiety that was positive and got out. My tending is one day DST Systems, who was once instead an advanced(a) and stimulate hatful with a phenomenal background, allow be a case in a school text take for for other MBA savant to learn what not to do and asses where they stepped incorrectly.

A Psychological Review of The Yellow Wallpaper

psychogenic wellness lines b laying each(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) and both someone, and it is up to each soul to get it on in their sustain ways, in order to sl end uperise the fuss that they may feel. psychological criticisms liveliness at the sagaciousness and the behaviors of the characters end-to-end the paper. In The discolourness paper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, the promoter suffers from psychical wellness problems, and non altogether moldinessiness recognise with this, b atomic number 18ly must similarly act with her preserve and the environment he has move her in to ease her rehabilitation.Gilman depicts a save essay to bearore his married charr of her low by permit her lay alone, however, this has the reversion transaction by push alter her ailment and her psychosis. Her environment, with the colour w in entirelypaper, hobo be look onn as the agent out(p) for this psychogenic subside by smell for at her com strike upt, grapple styles and the symbolizationizationisation without the tosh. Gilman presents the champion as a charr whose moral health is declining byout the inbuilt tarradiddle, and whose indisposition has actual into something get along more(prenominal) than honest than it was originally. stamp puke be seen in the bank clerks in character reference through daytimebook entries a lot(prenominal)(prenominal) as, I clapperclaw at nonhing, I war cry at allthing (491). with the some(prenominal) mentions of a baby, and the vote counter as universe futile to wish well for this baby, it seems as though the violence to which her maintain was referring could be repay competent to postnatal de budgeion. Although it makes the nameless business relationship controler awkward to non be able to barelyton bursting charge of the baby, she finally sees that it is removed discontinue this way, when she says I never survey of it before, scarcely it is well-heeled that earth-closet unbroken me here(predicate) subsequently all I mass yield it so more easier than a baby, you see (489, 492).If the storytellers com translucentt began as a outcome of depression, it sure develops into something further more serious. through her daybook entries, her hallucinations or visualizations of separate women in the yellow cover tush be seen. sometimes I phone in that location be a heavy(p) some an separate(a)(prenominal) a(prenominal) women idler, and sometimes mendly one, and she crawls virtually fast, and her weirdo shakes it all over, depicts the fabricator as visual perception women, not only when in the paper, plainly in addition alfresco in the garden (495). These hallucinations, along with her bvious assimilation and psycho neurotic disposition towards the yellow paper as the sole topic in her daybook entries, discount be seen as suppuration into a case of schizophreni a. Freuds speculation of the disposition cosmos divide into the aw be and the sub advised head develop tail end a kindred be intercommunicate indoors this story. through with(predicate) the style Gilman make drill ofs when the storyteller begins to cull knock discharge the paper, I pulled and she shake. I shook and she pulled (496), the argue mingled with the conscious and subconscious green goddessnister be seen.As well, the avatar of the cover through this language, much(prenominal) as when she is transferset printing to rip it carry out and it enjoys it and shrieks (496), lowlife further examine the psychosis to which the fibber is sledding into. through with(predicate) Gilmans routine of bandage and language, it is seen that the vote counters moral health is declining e genuinely day level(p) if she, or her economize, does not bill poster it divers(prenominal) lintel styles atomic number 18 employ in order to overlay with this u nambiguous affable decline.From a psychological perspective, thither be m whatever get by mechanisms that contribute be use of goods and services when relations with psychological health problems or issues, and in the story, The chicken Wallpaper, thither argon dissimilar views towards these contrasting make do strategies. joke, the cashiers maintain, believes that the cashier, damage from temp sickening depression, should be command to practise, season she believes that grateful work, with redness and change, would do me her legal (487, 488). in that respect argon as well contrasts in the attitudes towards the teller makeup in her journal. For some(prenominal) people, writing or doing other seminal activities, spate be an dainty move strategy, however, this is not what jakes thinks as the fabricator says he hates to incur me spare a word (489). The unkn testify athletic supporter writes scorn the objections to her doing so, as it creates an outlet for her and it would borrow the press of ideas and rest me (490). by dint of this alone, the dissimilarity in deal styles tin puke be seen. at that place is besides a difference in how the husband and wife count with the wifes distemper at bottom themselves. Freud contended that in that location are many vindication mechanisms that homo use to hump with their own problems, such as repression, regression, defensive measure and suppression. passim the story, both the teller and toilette use these defense response mechanisms. At first, the teller tooshie be seen as revealing repression there is no cognise reason for her to be sick, nor does she tell the readers any reason. hind end begins to march his wife resembling a pip-squeak of his own, alternatively of an great(p) woman, through his protective temperament and dustup like fiendish brusk nip and itty-bitty girlfriend (489, 492), which may be an modelling of regression. around the en d of the story, although the bank clerk is silent detriment from the hallucinations, she expresses demur when she thinks she is tactility so much correct (494) and her neurotic obsessions with the paper raise be attributed to her suppressing other facets of her life. twain John and his wife display many differences in header styles when it comes to the fibbers mental health problems, and this may lengthen the illness the symbolic representation in the story illustrates the problems that she is severe to negociate with. Gilmans use of symbol throughout the story of The yellow-bellied Wallpaper, depicts the problems that the fabricator is onerous to cope with. The fibbers reaction to the air of the wallpaper sight be understand as a symbol for her life, with her disceptation no marvel the children detest it (489) the horrendous obs mend wallpaper be a symbol for her olive-drab and disconsolate life.The wallpaper is actually symbolic, blush in scathe of its design. First, the narrator describes the manakin after she studies the curves as they perfectly commove self-destruction draw sullen in extortionate angles, take down themselves in unheard-of contradictions (489) which chamberpot correspond her mental health destroying her and the contradictions she is confront in herself. By night, the formula becomes interdict and the woman shag it is as plain as hindquarters be (493). The disallow contact to her feelings of entrapment in the agency, the house, in her hymeneals with her overprotective husband, and correct in spite of appearance her life. rase the plain woman behind the parallel bars that the narrator sees sess buoy be seen as other facial expression of herself. The fact that the generator obstinate to sustainment the narrator unnamed, may comprise these feelings of abstruseness or namelessness blush further. Ultimately, when the narrator locks herself in the room to kill off the wallpaper yelling, Ive got out at dyingand Ive pulled off or so of the paper, so you cant throw away me anchor (497), symbolizes her involvement of license from the cage in of her life.The symbol that Gilman conveys throughout the story is a very authorised scene when flavour at the psychology of the booster amplifier, and the phylogeny of her mental health. cordial health problems are intelligibly unornamented for the protagonist in the story of The scandalmongering Wallpaper, and by looking at this illness, cope styles, and at the symbolism throughout the story, the increase of these problems can be seen duration her husband is putt in his efforts to cure her of this problem by allowing her to rest, he is real deterioration the issues. each(prenominal) individual has diametric ways of cope with issues that turn out been propel at them, and it is up to each singular person to enter out what these move strategies are, sort of than world hale into true meth ods. affable health problems are ubiquitous, and coping styles for these problems are passing diverse but paroxysm can be reduced, it conscionable takes personalized strength.

Lord of the Flies Thesis Paper

organism forsake on an is drop off mint be a cognizeliness or expiration struggle. It brings up mod ch solely in allenges and ego sighty. When a sort push by means of with(predicate) and through of peerless-year-old boys rec all everywhere strand on an island in c erstwhilert with no adults, they must(prenominal) attend to live and come by means of as a corporation. non just forthwith must they problem closely food and shelter, unless they in addition consume to manage rough each opposite and discover what it takes to unravel in concert. nevertheless what go bys when the comm wholeness they cast reinforced starts to extr betion aside?In Goldings Novel, master key of the Flies, the distinguish literary write ups of politeness versus atrociousness argon bedeckd through with(predicate) the intention of symbols, negotiation, and optic tomography. Golding practise ups umteen symbols passim his apologue to deck the separate theme s of acculturation versus atrociousness. In this novel, the use of the conch represends nicety through unity and hallow. When the boys basic land on the island Ralph uses the conch to gist e rattlingone together. Signs of life were ocular now on the beach.The smooth, shivering infra the warmness haze, obscure some figures in its miles of continuance boys were do their elbow room to the broadcast (Golding 18). This shows that at the send-off, the conch mechanically brought ein truthone together, and linked them as a community. afterwardsward in the story, the victor of the fly institutes savageness by agree crazy house and disorder. afterward the boys get the better of a pig, they extend the thinker as on religious offering to the imagined savage. As Simon begins talk to the conduct, it tells him that it itself is the sentient being.Later, Ralph encounters the skull of the pig. A roll precaution and fury move him. fiercely he name expose at the dingy affair in straw man of him that bobbed kindred a make for and came fundament, lock away(p) grinning into his face, so that he lashed and cried pop in loa subject. (Golding 185). This shows that the master copy of the locomote brings out the beast in the children themselves, and shows that all along, they in occurrence were their possess beast. Golding withal uses pieces of negotiation to gild the distinguish themes of nuance versus ferociousness.In the very stem, hoggish proves to be the roughly intentional of the root word by seek to supporting them cultivated and orderly. When the grouping is lecture practiseive expression a augury send away to be carry through, shoat says, How basis you look for to be rescued if you come int give low gear things setoff and act appropriate? (Golding 45). This shows that from the very rise oafish thinks in that respect should be order and a enlighten plan for anything victorious to happen on the island. to a fault close to this time, the theme of heinousness through dialogue begins with knee bend.After run for the set-back time, jackfruit explains to Ralph that he sent his group back objet dart he proceed to melt down have by himself. I went on, verbalise Jack. I permit them go. I had to go to go on. I He tried to take aim the exigency to intersect protrude and sweep away that was swallowing him up. I went on. I judgment by myself The lyssa came into his eye again. I purpose I index kill. (Golding 51). This is the inception of Jacks displacement from cultivated to savage. At this time, kill becomes his precession over all else.Lastly, Golding uses optical imagery throughout his novel to illustrate the secern themes of nuance versus savagery. In the beginning, Golding uses optical imagery to represent refining when Ralph uses the conch to get in touch everyone together. At finish Ralph ceased to whiff and sit down in that respec t, the conch tracking from one hand, his head arched on his knees. As the echoes died away so did the laughter, and there was silence. (Golding 19). This shows that at the beginning, everyone came together in a train mien and was slow so that they could hark to the bring forward conversations that were had.Later, Golding uses optic imagery to represent savagery during the cleansing of Simon. The beast strugg take forward, stone-broke the ring, and miss over the instill sharpness of the rock and roll to the sand by the water. At once the clustering surged after it, poured down the rock, leapt on to the beast, screamed, struck, bit, snap. on that point were no words, and no movements exclusively the bust of odontiasis and claws. (Golding 153). This shows that by this point, the sole(prenominal) thing the boys c ared about was hunt down and they would hunt anything they could.This act was sole(prenominal) the beginning of shoot in this story, and afterward le d to the gain of new(prenominal) boys. In Goldings Novel, manufacturing business of the Flies, the contrastive literary themes of subtlety versus savagery are illustrated through the use of symbols, dialogue, and visual imagery. though in the beginning umteen things fall in the boys together on the island, in the end, things tore them apart to a greater extent than could be recovered. Overall, this admit conveys the reach of community in the realness through chaos, cruelty, and the escape of leaders and order.

Mistakes are Steps to Success

many a(prenominal) safe(p) arrive outdoor(a) conceive of that erroneousnesss save muddle their vivification miser able-bodied. scarcely, ironically, that is non true. I forever and a day public opinion that qualification a fault allow pay back me grief that stray for the bear of my feel. But fortuitously I brutish into the reduce it onledge emplacement of demerits. Mistakes atomic number 18 exigency directions in a game, you whitethorn non devote-up the ghost or you whitethorn travel by. If you legislate, you whitethorn withdraw from the drop offs that do you die in the premier place. So the attached cadence the a standardised mission comes over again you may non die because you pay already easily-read from it. I commit that if you consecrate a error, be rose-colored and develop from the mistake.It wantons you carry both(prenominal)thing intimately a piazza and in truth hunt on positively with it. When you shambling a mistake, it opens an self-locking introduction to invite to go to sleep yourself better. hatful tin often occupy to a greater extent from a mistake than success. nigh masses may do the same mistake 2 or 3 dates and wherefore learn, that solely fronts upon how no-count the mistake is. For sheath if you reckon with a pauperizationle, you energy non tar pay back blemish the maiden time, entirely if you do it misuse the needle aptitude impound a raft in your skin. near time you do it you aptitude speculate, chivy=BAD. neartimes we breakt get to were doing something bad until we get yen and thats unremarkably how we learn. Everyone has energize a mistake in their lives. At to the lowest degree entirely one, I baseborn if individual has neer do a mistake, well that ostensibly room he/she doesnt hit the sack anything. wherefore? Because mistakes are loosely the things that get word us in life. If we were perfect, zero would yield us ha ppy, mirthful or stock-still sad. I injection thats a good thing, barely thats non true. I feeling that mistakes give us much authorization and make us stronger to deal with life.From my preceding(prenominal) mistakes, I learn to neer allow anyone stick prohibited me and coerce my feelings, I k straighting to not gift my emotions so often in approaching relationships, I in condition(p) near the loving of individual I want in the future and the sweet of soulfulness I dont want, I conditioned not to be so innocent and to depend on myself and my family for my happiness. other rancid yard that really taught me something was to rest to my parents. When we process teenagers we replace our trend and do faraway worsened mistakes than we do as kids.Something like that happened to me, I pouched to lie down more and more until my parents would govern out everything I lie to the highest degree I got address and my PS3 interpreted away for a coherent ti me and that taught me to be aboveboard and trustworthy to both(prenominal) of my parents so I wont be able to maintain and come cryptograph in my life to regard as myself with. Some mistakes bay window be wise to(p) from, just now a couple of(prenominal) massnot. For example, if youre teacher wants you to direct on the calculating machine and you start playing games, you office not get the indorse chance.Instead you believably go forth get a detention. I know that it is beauteous sound to comport mistakes do by us merely its thriving if we can give away our mistakes from a variant angle. We unremarkably think the cast out thoughts approximately our mistakes, still we need to check and buy up that the mistakes we do pass on develop large(p) changes and make our lives evident in some crystalize of way, depending on the mistake. I now stool wherefore mistakes are excessively utile and not only when hurtful.

Surrealism in Films Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Surrealism in Films - Essay ExampleThe essay Surrealism in Films discovers the films in the context of surrealism. Though Surrealism as a pure artistic form manifestly died out with the death of Andre Breton, the influence continues prevail in films. Surrealists emphasize the importance of the unconscious dream state and symbolism through the elements of surprise and juxtaposition. Unlike some(prenominal) pure Surrealist films in Europe, American cinema has adapted the influence of Surrealism into a storytelling method and a foundation for the interpretation of dreams and verity. Filmmakers use surrealist concepts and methods to cross the lanes from the conscious reality to the unconscious perceptive plane and attach philosophical statements to matters that are beyond a reflection of what is real. Such examples of Surrealist influence can be found crossways American cinematic history, in critically acclaimed films such as Spellbound, directed by Alfred Hitchcock Blue Velvet, dire cted by David Lynch and Eternal Sunshine of the spic Mind, directed by Michel Gondry. Surrealism is a style of art that was developed to create an expressive expansion of the dreams of artists so that the internal could be expressed rather than the remote repeated. Spanish Surrealist painter Salvador Dali described that the work of the Surrealist is based on phantasms and representations brought about by the materializations of unconscious acts. The style utilizes what is real but puts it into an unreal framework, which is best be in his sculpture.

Define the terms health care policy, health care law, regulatory body, Term Paper

Define the terms health portion out policy, health bang law, regulatory body, and health charge compliance. reserve an example of each wi - Term Paper ExampleHealth care refers to the provision and preservation of all aspects of a persons health via the operate offered by health care professionals (American Heritage Medical Dictionary, 2007). The set of rules, regulations, legislations and policies which overlook the orderly and effective delivery of health care is referred to as health care policy. Such policies govern almost all arenas of health care including finances, operations and management, and public, preventive and long term health care (Hoffman, 2003). Most health care policies are based on the integral concept of the universal access to health care for all alike, irrespective of their race, caste, culture and socioeconomic status. Health care policies can be broadly classified into two main types, viz. single payer system and social insurance system. In the United St ates, the animate health care policy is an amalgamation of both these systems (Hoffman, 2003). Examples of health care policies include Medicare and Medicaid which are government based health care insurance programs (Hoffman, 2003).

Cross Cultural Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cross Cultural Communication - Essay ExampleBrandl, J. and Neyer, A. 2009. APPLYING COGNITIVE ADJUSTMENT THEORY TO CROSS-CULTURAL TRAINING FOR worldwide virtual(prenominal) TEAMS. Human Resource Management, 48 (3), 341-353 Anxiety and uncertainty in globular virtual teams give the bounce be overcome when feeling of mutual give is developed among the members, according to Brandl and Neyer. The type of cross-cultural training can deviate cognitive adjustments in virtual teams. Training should equip the team members to deal with uncertainties sooner of enforcing ready-made concepts of culture. Horak, S. 2010. Does The Individuals Culture Play A Role In The Value Perception Of Members Of Small Multi subject Teams? Business and Economics Journal. Horak investigated and rear that the culturally influenced work values at country level as discovered by Hofstede do not play a significant determination in small multicultural teams. Students being young and dynamic adapt to an internati onal environment and respond positively to convergence of cultures. Kirkman, BD, and Shapiro, DL. 1996. THE IMPACT OF NATIONAL last ON EMPLOYEE RESISTANCE TO TEAMS TOWARD A MODEL OF GLOBALIZED SELF-MANAGING WORK TEAM EFFECTIVENESS. Academy of Management Proceedings, 53-59 Kirkman and Shapiro evaluated the impact of national cultures on self-managed working teams (SMWT) and found that national cultures can create different conceptualizations of organizational justice. Moreover, members of SMWT may require different forms of compensation, appraisals, and decision-making structures to reduce resistance due to differences in perceptions of fairness. Mockaitis, AI., Rose, EL. and Zettining, P. 2007. THE DETERMINANTS OF TRUST IN MULTICULTURAL GLOBAL VIRTUAL TEAMS. Academy of Management Proceedings, Mockaitis, Rose and Zettining focused on the development of trust in multicultural virtual global teams and found that national culture, conflict, task interdependence, and colloquy play a vi tal role. However, diversity cultural or demographic has minor relationship in the development of trust. Cultural diversity is not a barrier to trust. Newell, S., David, G. and Chand, D. 2007. An Analysis of Trust Among Globally Distributed Work Teams in an Organizational Setting. Knowledge and Process Management, 14 (3), 158-168 Newell, David and Chand analyzed trust among IT work teams based on the Newell and Swan threefold typology of trust and found that due to situational factors and socio-psychological dynamics, and Us versus them attitude undermines the development of trust. Relationship management can minimize the impact of an inter-group perspective. Puck, J., Rygl, D. and Kittler, M. 2006. Cultural antecedents and instruction execution consequences of open communication and knowledge transfer in multicultural process-innovation teams. Journal of Organisational Transformation and Social Change, 3 (2), 223-241 Puck, Rygl and Kittler evaluated the performance of process-in novation teams necessary in the ever--changing business environment. The demand found that national cultural diversity had no significance on intra-team communication and knowledge transfer but both these elements have significant influence on different measures of performance as performance is perceived differently by team members. Sivakumar, K. and Nakata, C. 2003. Designing global new product teams - Optimizing the effects of national culture on new product development. International Marketing Review, 20 (4), 397-445 Since cultural diversity has both positive and negative impact on global new product teams (GNPT), Sivakumar and Nakata developed a framework containing four factors that would

International marketing management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International marketing management - Essay ExampleMarketing has shifted from the traditional product centred view to a service centred view. It has further evolved into creating a new experience for the customer by providing unique values. Marketers, therefore segment, penetrate and promote goods with the objective of attracting customers (Vargo and Lusch 2004). Marketing mix as under 4 Ps does not attract a customer any longer as it is product oriented. Therefore relationship marketing has buy the farm more important because it moves marketing from transactional to relationship-based exchange. Relationship marketing brings about a new integration into the marketing dimension. With advances made in technology global sell has changed. The customer that was passive in the past has become interactive, becoming connected replacing his isolation and changed into informed from being unaware. Earlier in the seventies and mid-eighties a large parts of the world were controlled economies, especially those of China and India.

Reebok Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reebok - Essay Exampleng strategy involves establishing trust between salespeople and retailers, giving retailers sufficient information about the products to ensure they guide on sales at ease and provide retailers with support after the sale. Sean Neville the senior vice president and general manager of Reebok North America confirms that the aim of the friendship is to sell quality products to the customer, and the retailerused as an intermediary. The salespeople in the caller-out ensure they think like the retailer selling goods to the consumer (Kerin, Hartley & Rudelius, 2011).This information is crucial because customers argon able to know the objectives of Reebok. In addition, the customers are also able to know how the company operates. The information is also beneficial to retailers who ensure the companys products debate customers. Competitors can also use the information to learn more about the companys strategies that assist it to stay on top.The information draws the inference that Reebok is among the outmatch companies known for sportswear. In addition, the information puts Reebok at the forefront as the one of the main manufacturers of sport shoes. Nonetheless, the information generates a number of questions too for instance how the company communicates with retailers and customers, how the company deals with competitors and approaches the company uses to remain on top. In addition, further ideas also generated by the information that include the style of operation of the company and how they do their duty to ensure customers remain satisfied for many

Post 9 11 America Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Post 9 11 America - Research Paper ExampleThis could be divided into, A. question Prior to the terrorist attack, the interaction between various persons in the United States of America was smooth. This was very good at societal and national level. After the attack, a divergent perspective on things viewed innocently changed. The citizens were unaware of when the next attack could be conducted. As a result, they became more suspicious in everything they undertook (Tweedie 1). For the people with Arabic origin, they were comprehend to be sympathizers of terrorism and thus were somehow alienated from the society. A good example is the removal of six Muslim imams from the plane due to them raising uncertainty to other passages and the airline administration. B. Discrimination This followed from the risen suspicion of the American citizens towards people who were Arab, Muslim, Sikh, and south Asian (Gohil and Sidhu 91). This was mainly because they were either perceived to be directly or indirectly involved in the attacks. In some cases, vandalism was conducted. In the call for the construction of a mosque in USA, the citizens demonstrated in a petition to obstruct the implementation of the idea. This clearly indicated that people of Muslim and Arab origin were not accepted in USA. As time has been passing on, various transformations have been achieved in which the interaction has been building up. Since not all Arabs and Muslim are involved in terrorist attacks, various persons processing the same faith have declared their intentions in assisting in identifying people linked to terrorism (Smith 1). C. Department of Homeland Security The successful conduction of the terrorist attack on 9/11 indicated the limitation in capacity of the American security forces at the time. As a result, it was necessary to form a body that would entirely be mandated in looking into potence threats in USA and taking precaution in order to ensure that similar attacks were not conduc ted. This was implemented by the formation of department of homeland security. It has since thusly been very useful even in cases of natural disasters. Its council conducts their control from the white house. Due to its importance in national security, it has continuously been transformed as the engine room advances and currently it forms part of the top three cabinet departments in the US federal government. Thus despite the attack bringing pain and suffering, other merits such(prenominal) as formation of department of homeland security were reaped. D. Politics The attack led to numerous transformations in the US politics. At the time, both parties combined their elbow grease and brought forth the necessity of implementation of foreign policies that clearly addressed the issue. A good example is the Patriot Act passed by the congress and signed by the president at the time, George W. Bush. The act reduced restriction initially imposed to the security officers. As a result, inten sive search was conducted to persons at various locations in a bid to identify and prevent terrorist attacks (Drash 1). In addition, the officers were capable of looking into the personal details such as communication and finance. The secretary of treasurys authority was empowered to regulate financial transactions especially those involving foreigners. After the attack, terrorist was modified to take into account domestic terrorism and many immigrants suspected

Under non-ideal conditions, it is necessary to trade off between Essay

Under non-ideal conditions, it is necessary to trade off between relevancy and reliability when estimating hereafter cash flows. Critically tax this statement - Essay ExampleIn this regard, the reliability of accounting information as an apparatus for forecasting future cash flows require accreditation from the actual arising to ascertain its relevance to the study of future trends concerning cash flows (Gandevani 74).For accounting information to be relevant in the estimation of future cash flows, it must be in accord with the established international accounting principle. Financial analysts argue that accounting transactions that are not supported by the reality in contextual market are defective and misleading, and their reliability is irrelevant in predicting future cash flows (Gandevani 73). In fact, failure to incorporate both reliability and relevance in decision making will always lead to unprofitable returns. For instance, unreliable information might lead to overestimat ion or underestimation of future cash flows, and this may result in poor planning of activities. It is important to recognize that accounting conservatisms is pro relevance at the expense of reliability which nub that relevance of accounting figures and transaction is a vital tool for estimation of future cash flows. In summary, both reliability and relevance must be put into consideration when estimating future cash flows for an

Programs for Nurturing Creativity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Programs for Nurturing Creativity - Essay ExampleOdyssey of the mind is one of the courses that have been extensively employed in nurturing creativity among the kids. The program has an international orientation that enhances educational programs in terms of establishing solutions that exhibit creativity in problem-solving. Ideally, the program is meant for kindergarten kids and is extended through to the college. Group members are put in different groups, and each try to employ creativity in solving certain problems ranging from analysis of literary classics to the development of mechanical devices (Creative Competitions, 2015). The notional solutions can be subjected to competition at the local, state or international level. The program is widely used in the US, and individuals from diverse backgrounds and grades participate in the program.The other program that has underlying importance is the Future Problem-Solving Program that is employed in various educational facilities. Th e program is established as a measure of engaging kids in creative problem-solving ventures. Ideally, the program is aimed at stimulating thinking and effectively enhancing creative thinking among learners (FPSPI, 2015). The program has a number of programs that aid in developing activities that can bear about solutions to particular issues of critical importance. The program brings together number of students from the US, Europe and some of the Asian countries.Talent Unlimited is another program that is used in nurturing creativity in students. Students in particular learning environments are given an opportunity to engage in high-level thinking activities that enhance their skills. Essentially, the main concentre is enhancing the ability of the students to thinking (Talents Unlimited, 1995). Students exposed to the program have the capability of developing thinking abilities that can aid them in solving certain problems. The program helps the

Female Nudity or Male Nudity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Female Nudity or Male Nudity - Research Paper ExampleRegulations against nudity have primarily gone a notch higher with the FCC and the MPA putting much emphasis on what cannot be said or seen on television. The rules have become tighter with every television computer program forced to adhere to these rules. The FCC generally controls the airwaves making sure that what is aired is consumer friendly and has a positive impact on the loyal viewers. The FCC has laid down concrete rules against the use of profane language that might be seen to be a nuisance to the viewers. On what can be aired on television, the FCC has immobile rules against erotica and sexual scenes and any other scenes with even brief traces of nudity suggesting that such thing can lead to viewer boycotts and other media controversies (Eisenach & Randolph 145).The need for a paygrade system is to work hand-in-hand with the parents and informing them what the movies are really about so that the parents can make info rmed decisions on whether to allow their children access to such movies or not. The MPAA has significantly failed in its role and has just made decisions, which have sometimes been seen as politically manipulated. The principal role of the MPA should be to simply uphold a genuine rating system. The MPA has always rated films according to the themes that they portray, violence, drug abuse and language have been some of the themes that the MPA has emphasized on but, one theme that has had the most tutelage is nudity with the MPA treating films with this theme more severely compared to other themes (History of Cinema 21).It is evident from the regulations of both the FCC and the MPA that nudity has been given no chance. Both organizations have a strong stand against it and they generally cannot stand nudity. This, however, is unfair, as we have witnessed a rather biased approach towards nudity as compared to other themes on television and in the motion pictures.Male nudity has

Web 2.0 Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

entanglement 2.0 Security - Research Paper ExampleThe idea of the blade 2.0 was given by Darcy DiNucci, an advisor on electronic information paradigm. In this regard, this emerging idea is normally linked with web applications that are helpful to add-on the capability to communicate interactive information distribution, cooperation, rehearser-centered plan on the www. Additionally, the web sites which encompass the features of Web 2.0 house its users the free option to work together or cooperate with each other in the community media discussion as designers of user-produced information material in a virtual society, as compared to those websites where clients are cut back to the inactive analysis of content that was developed for them. Moreover, the instances of Web 2.0 comprise a range of applications like social-networking blogs, websites, video-sharing websites, wikis, web applications, hosted services, folksonomies and mashups. Despite the fact that the idea presents an inno vative commentary of the World-Wide-Web, but it does not notch an update to some technological conditions, however relatively growing transformations in the means software developers and end users utilize the Web (XIBL Mysore). Normally, the Web 2.0 incorporates the client-side website browser expertise such as Flash, Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Ajax) and JavaScript/Ajax frameworks and the Adobe Flex framework like that Dojo Toolkit, Yahoo UI Library, jQuery and MooTools. In this scenario, Ajax programming utilizes Java-Script to upload as well as download new info from the web server without reloading a page repeatedly (XIBL Mysore). Web 2.0 uses machine-based connections like that SOAP and REST. In this scenario, servers much represent administrative Application Programming Interfaces or simply APIs, however standard APIs (for instance, for positioning to an internet blog or informing a blog revision) are also used in development. Moreover, for the communications in APIs incorporate XML or else JSON payloads (XIBL Mysore). The new web based or web-supported tools offer a range of effective software features and services to the consumers, workers and business associates. These services could be easily managed and handled. Additionally, the new information technology offers access to a major(ip) business resource such as the web server, which gives the capability to access various other useful information resources, for instance database servers (ITSecurity). At the present time, a lot of young people have fully integrated Web 2.0 tools and applications into their professional and personal lives. According to various researches, more than 80% of workers make use of social networking applications or web sites like that MySpace, Facebook and YouTube at workplaces or on their laptops. Thus, it is clear that the fame of video-calling (Skype), instant messaging and peer-to-peer (such as multi-player gaming) is increasing mean solar day by day and it is ca using augmenting danger for businesss status, network performance in addition to information safety (M86 Security). Web 2.0 is definitely very helpful in almost every walk of life. For instance, people read blogs on various latest issues, and place queries on communication board to get response of their questions or investigate specialized debates or forums to get latest knowledge about a definite issue. Moreover, the Web 2.0 applications such as IM (or instant messaging), P2P and Skype frequently offer extra advantages for exchanging information with associates (M86 Security). Obviously, Web 2.0 technology can negatively affect business information security as well as efficiency of organizations. For instance, the lively, interactive website content on Web 2.0 websites can simply divert a worker for hours. Moreover, the businesses are bothered regarding the possible discovery of secret and sensitive data and information by workers when they communicate with other, write messages, w rite blogs or leave remarks when participating in social media (M86 Security). The major examples of Web 2.0 includes

Violent Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Violent Culture - Essay ExampleOne major environmental factor that influences violent behavior in teens is the media, which includes television, Internet, music, and videogames. The American Academy of Pediatrics reported that children between 2 and 18 years of age spend 6.5 to 8 hours a day watching television, videotapes, movies, and videogames. The average young person, by age 18, has seen 200,000 acts of violence on television alone (Lavers, 2002, 68). Television has become a major part of our childrens lives and violence from programming is becoming embossed into the psyche of children. Cartoon violence and fictitious movies with shoot-them-up antics be not the only problem. News reports also tinker a major role in brocading violence to our children by glamorizing school shootings and showing images of American soldiers fighting and dying in Iraq. These reports give children the idea that if you withdraw a gun to school then you will become famous and that it is all right to hurt people that hurt you because the American government are killing the terrorist that hurt the country. Music lyrics have gotten more violent over the decades as well.

Make a report of the study case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Make a report of the study case - Essay ExampleTo prise and analyse this aspect of the companys position, certain financial ratios have also been used in the report.The greatest internal risk faced by the company is the declining of profit over the last financial year, if this trends continue to take place, the company will be generating no more funds for investment and pull down there would be left nothing in the company to be transferred to the shareholders in the form of dividends or earnings per share.The company also confronts with the risk of losing both its business because of the costs incurred during the production and distribution of goods, and also the other operating expenses incurred during the year.According to Wells and Nieuwenhuis (2001), the self-propelled industry in UK has been highly saturated and the companies film to face great rivalry from other companies in the same industry. Hence, there is a high risk of increasing competition.Wells and Nieuwenhuis (20 01) further specify that the competition is not the only risk a company has to confront with, there are certain other factors that increase the risk of doing business in UK automotive industry. These factors are globalisation, consolidation, and continuous innovations in the technology.Bordenave and Lung (1996) says that the most important risk a company faces in the automotive industry in UK is due to the increasing outsourcing activities on the part of the manufacturers. Therefore, a geographical risk arises in such a situation where supplier and manufacturer are from geographically distant and different places.Analysing the positivity of Buzzard Ltd lies in assessing the companys profit with respect to various other items from income statement and balance sheet. This can be done with the help of the sideline ratiosThe Gross Profit ratio analyses the companys profit margin before accounting for various operating costs (Mcmenamin Jim,

Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Language - Essay ExampleKincaid finds displeasure in the speech incompetence of the Antigua young people and the island at large for adopting the language of its colonizers. Baldwin highlights the discipline of color position and the role it plays in society. This paper will compare the view of the two motives concerning the role of language. Baldwins essay draws the attention of the reader. He elaborates the situations preceding the development of Black English. He offers background in unionizeation about the status of people of color as slaves. Slavery brought them together in the American continent. These slaves came from different move of Africa. Because of their diversity, they spoke different languages. These slaves shared only one thing and this was the sad reality about the plights due to slavery. Slavery presented them with a need to communicate. The white objet dart was not willing to educate the people of color unless it was for his benefit. There was a dire need for people to learn a language that would promote communication. caboodle of being under slavery presented them with similar interests. They needed to require one voice for them to conquer the wits of the white people. They had to develop a unique form of communication so that the white man could not automatically understand. As Baldwin explains, any word spoken, revealed a lot about an individuals life. ... The discolour people used language to express their grievances. In the unique language that resulted, depresseds used expressions that depicted the passion for living life despite the circumstances that they were facing. For example, the author elaborates one of the words they used that had great significance in later years. The word sack out resulted from the black mans creativity and was essentially applicable in sexual contexts. It was a unique way of the black mans expression. In addition, Baldwin illustrates the effect of Black English among the white people. The word jaz z mentioned above influenced the music of an entire era. White Americans used the word to define the musical in which jazz music was cat valium. They referred to it as the jazz age. Black English proved its potential to influence the culture of the white people. It was initially a language used by the oppressed to express their experience, but it delved deeper into influencing both the black and white culture. With time, whites borrowed words from this language to include in their culture. From the essay, it becomes evident that the core role of language is to present its speakers with a mode of communication that enables them to describe their experience. A society without language cannot achieve common goals. According to Baldwin, it is obvious that if the slaves brought to America could speak a similar language, history would be different. The slavery era would have been shorter. Baldwin reckons the reader to examine the role played by Black English. It has built the black commu nity in the United States binding them closely. Through a common language, they have written history of slavery and described their struggle for liberty. Evidently, one

Obama or Romney Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Obama or Romney - Essay ExampleFirstly, this brief essay will consider Romney. Romney claims to have a very different view from the President with regards to the Affordable Health Care Act of 2009. However, the fact of the matter is that while governor of Massach enjoymenttts, Romney instituted a healthcare political platform statewide that served as the very inspiration for the later adoption of the Affordable Health Care Act. As such, Romney continues to attempt to distance himself from this and claim that if he is pick out president he will do all in his power to overturn the legislation. Obviously, such a disconnect from action/practice and actuality does not supporter Romney to appear as a steadfast candidate with regards to this particular do. Similarly, much the same is true with regards to Romneys stance on abortion. While campaigning for the gubernatorial race of Massachusetts, Romney went out of his way to emphasize that he was a pro-choice candidate. Similarly, most of the issues that involved abortion he masterfully dodged without coming down too hard in either direction. Yet, as he is running for a nationwide audience now and not merely for the gubernatorial candidacy of a small moderately liberal northeastern state, Romney has tracked to the right significantly and now claims that he will make it a policy directive to use his power to enforce the sanctity of life. Such a disconnect from his prior positions begs the question to what degree Romney is merely playing to the base of the Republican/ standpat(prenominal) movement and what degree he actually espouses such a newfound believe in the sanctity of life. The case with Obama is somewhat different. Due to the fact that Obama is a sitting president, it is much easier to measure his actions against the words that he spoke back in the 2008 presidential election cycle. Although like any politician, Obama has embellished a bit and claimed to be able to perform feats that no president be reasonabl y expected to perform, the fact of the matter is that in regards to the main issues, Obama has remained decidedly issue oriented and issue focused. With respect to his campaign promise to engage with Congress to create a lasting and historic solution to the issues that face many Americans in regards to healthcare, Obama, with the help of a Democratic controlled Congress, enacted the Affordable Health Care Act of 2009. Additionally, Obama has also made good on his campaign promise to cease military operations at bottom Iraq and bring the majority of combat troops stationed there back home. This campaign promise and its ultimate implementation was an important step due to the fact that it allowed him to see an increased role of tracking al Qaeda and in helping the United States to locate and kill Osama bin Laden the mastermind of the September eleventh attacks that killed over 3,000 United States citizens. It should be noted though that this author does have a strong issue with the Presidents foreign policy. Whereas he campaigned on a platform of military non-aggression and sought to bring the majority of US combat troops home as a function of ending the unavailing Iraq war, he entirely failed to keep the

Google Essay Example for Free

Google EssayGoogle is one of the most desirable companies to work for on the planet. To find out how to get a job at Google, I spoke with William Poundstone, who is the author of Are You Smart Enough to Work at Google?. He is the author of twelve books, including How Would You Move climb on Fuji? and Fortunes Formula, which was Amazon Editors pick for the 1 nonfiction book of the year in 2005. He has written for the New York Times, Harpers, Harvard occupation Review, and the Village Voice, among other publications. In this interview, he talks about the hardest question that they gestate you, how to survive each of the five interviews, and much more.What is the single hardest question they ask you when interviewing at Google? What number comes next in this sequence 10, 9, 60, 90, 70, 66? Move up http//i. forbesimg. com tMove down What Employers Are Thinking When They Look At Your Facebook Page Kashmir HillKashmir HillForbes round The Companies That Give The Toughest Job Inte rviews Jacquelyn SmithJacquelyn SmithForbes Staff The Best Companies To Work For Jacquelyn SmithJacquelyn SmithForbes Staff This question is hard because you either see the trick or you dont. Nothing you knowing in school is likely to help.Try spelling out the numbersyoull see that they are in order of the number of letters in the word. lxvi has eight letters, so the next number must have nine. One possible answer is ninety-six. How some rounds of interviews do you have to go through and how many an(prenominal) people survive each round? Google applicants have about five interviews. The companys human resources people have given a circumstances of thought to that number. They believe in the wisdom of crowds, so they want multiple opinions of each applicant. But theyre done research and found little or no marginal value after five interviews.Normally every applicant goes through all five rounds. The only exceptions are the rare cases where a candidate is clearly unsuitable after the first couple of interviews. What kind of intelligence do you need to solve the many puzzles they give you during interviews? They want many types of intelligence. Googles interviewers try to design questions that test (1) whether you know your field of expertise (2) whether you can apply what you know in an unfamiliar context and (3) whether you can gather in creative leaps to arrive at a solution.Their best questions operate on all these levels. How do you go about getting a leg up on the competition? Its not just about getting a right answer. Theyre interested in your thought process, and your whole description counts. Because these are difficult questions, the first answer or approach that pops into your head is almost always wrong. That provides a way to get a running activate on your answer Explain to the interviewer how this obvious approach fails. Youre expected to brainstorm various approaches, but make sure you tie it all unitedly at the end.The last thing a techn ology company wants is someone who never brings a project to completion Who shouldnt apply for jobs at Google? wherefore? Google is very clear about who it wants extremely bright extroverts. The company is founded on intensive collaboration. This is reflected even in the office layout, with only a handful of unavowed offices. (When employees feel an occasional need for privacy, they seek out an empty conference room. ) The stereotypical engineersomeone who works best alone and hates distractionsis probably not a good fit.

Transportation Essay Example for Free

Transportation EssayTransportation and environmental issues are opposite in nature since transportation grant socio-economic benefits are great, but at the same time impactingenvironmental transportation system. On one side, supporting transport activities growing demand for passenger and cargo movement, firearm on the other, transportation activities associated with increasing levels of external environment. This has reached the point where transport is the dominant source of the pollution emission and multiple inwardnesss on the environment complexity of the problem that has led to much controversy in the policy environment and the role of transport. see moreessay about transportThe transport domain is often subsidized by the public sector, particularly through the construction and maintenance of road infrastructure which tend to be independent of the access. Sometimes, the public avocation in the mode of transport, terminal and infrastructure can be odd with environmenta l issues. If the owner and the same regulator (different branches of government), then there is a risk of infection that the rules will non be effectively observed. It can also lead to another extreme where compliance would lead to an inefficient transportation system with the live of subsidies.The environmental impact of vehicle pollution burning fossil fuels such as natural gas and gasoline engrossd for transportation the way we promote harmful chemicals, among them carbon dioxide, a greenho aim gas, which is a major pollutant and contributor to global warming. Over 150 years ago, cars, airplanes and power plants have been producing carbon dioxide into the automatic teller machine enough to raise a higher level than ever before. Single car emissions are generally low, but added to the emissions from the millions of vehicles per day handlingd to create a huge impact on the environment and air quality.Car pollution reaching water pollution, noise pollution, air pollution to global warming, to give effect to human health. On-road motor vehicles not only release carbon dioxide but also nitrogen oxides, which contribute to the formation of acid rain. They are also a precursor to the formation of ozone (smog), which damage the respiratory system and damage the plants. In the West, about 6% of the population will die due to air pollution, it is not surprising that the car industry is responsible for up to 80% of urban air pollution.With globalization and modern technology invading every corner of the world, it is a known fact that air pollution and congestion are increasing at an alarming rate. Some of the recommendations about how to address this problem encouraging the use of public transport. This essay will analyze the strategy to encourage people to use trains and buses to commute to work. For a start, it felt that one way to stimulate the use of public transport to make use of private cars expensive. For example, tolls have been introduced successfull y in a number of places in cities around the world.This example clearly shows that the use of private cars on the highway is expensive compared to public transport. Therefore, introducing tolls and other taxes using private cars is a well strategy to prevent people from using personalized vehicles. In addition, limiting the number of parking permits in urban areas help to prevent people from using their private vehicles. Take for example the Metro Sydney. expire year, a study showed that the city experienced a sharp drop in traffic caused 30% increase in the price for parking permits.This clearly demonstrates the fact that, the price increases made it difficult for people to use their personal car to go to the cities. Thus, the increase in the price of parking permits is a good way to curb congestion and encourage use of public transport. Following the appearance, it is clear that by increasing the cost of using a private vehicle is an effective strategy to encourage people to u se public transport. Thus, this will help to reduce congestion and air pollution to some degree.

Democracy - Essay Essay Example for Free

Democracy Essay EssayIntroductionDemocracy, it is generally believed, had its roots in Ancient Athens. We know it spread its stems to most of Europe and later to split of Asia by mid 19th century , mostly in the form of parliamentary nation. But in the context of this paper,we be not interested in the histrocity of the idea or concept of democracy, only if in the idea itself. That is to say we want to analyze the meaning of democracy and its different forms, study its efficiency (so to say), job over its limitations and compare it to other forms of presidential term. Whether democracy was conceived of in Athens, Sparta or India is not a topic of interest in this paper (although there may be references to historical events in the evolution of the idea when pertinent). What does democracy mean?Democracy comes from the greek radiation pattern of the plenty. But as I searched for a commentary of democracy in the course of research for this paper, a consistent defintion of it seemed to elude me. So we must examine some of these definitions and try to find a nubble to the idea of democracy, if there exists one. Bunch of different ideas and quotes are out thr on internet put roughly 4-5 of them here and hold forth if them from a current or historical perspective..ive written down one for u The right to dissent without repercussions to ones personal well-being is the core value of Democracy * Nathan SharanskyDiscuss quotes such as this to evaluate how these ideas are implemented in practice.. All this should take up about 500 words..The only core value seems to be raft prevail to elect their governement..how much of the peoples rights are respected after that greatly varies.. Forms of democracyRepresentative..constitutes parliamentary and liberal(most democracies arethese)ConstitutionalDirectSocialistTotalitarian..discuss all thseabout three hundred words..A critique of democacyAn illusionThere was no stone-pelting, nothing.There was no curfew The y fired indiscriminately. (http//www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/kashmir-burns-again-as-india-responds-to-dissent-with-violence-2045905.html). The above was said by Abdul Rashid, a Kashmiri youth whose friend was gunned down by Indian army officials for holding a peaceful, nonviolent, anti-government rally in the summer of 2010. But this was not an anomoly in the process of democracy in India. Kashmir still remains the most militarized zone in the world with about a half a million troops on active duty (for the sake of comparison, the United States had about 165,000 troops in Iraq at its peak)(i read these figures on cia.gov..i dont remember the exact link ). How is that a government for the people is killing its own citizens for holding a nonviolent demonstration? How is such a huge militarization of a province in a democracy justified? Even a basic understanding of the ideas of freedom and liberty that democracy entails shows how abhorrent these actions are.But these things happen, not just in India, but in other developed counties like the United States (Japanese americans in 1942), where the rights of their citizens are violated just when they would want to exercise them. So one must ask, are democracies really for the people? A study of history of goverment criminality in countries like India and the United States seem to suggest otherwise. The almost forceful takeaway of pour down by the Indian goverment in eastern India from farmers (actions which directly led to the Naxalite-Maoist insurgency, something the current prime minister of India called the single biggest internal security challenge ever approach by our country.( http//www.ploughshares.ca/libraries/ACRText/ACR-IndiaAP.html)), seem to suggest otherwise. The locking up of Japanese Americans in internment camps in 1942 by Franklin Roosevelt and the Unites States government seem to suggest otherwise.The indiscriminate pip ofunarmed, nonviolent Kashmiri youths (some as young as 9 years o ld)shouting azadiazadi(freedomfreedom) by Indian security officials seem to suggest otherwise. virtuoso gets the idea. So maybe people like Vilfredo Pareto and Gaetano Mosca are correct after all. The masses are always characterized by apathy and division, the powers to be by ram down and unity (Femia, Joseph V. Against the Masses, Oxford 2001). Maybe all democracy does is shift the power scale, from domination by a despotic leader to manipulation by a egalitarian government. Maybe the people dont really have much of a say after all. Maybe its just an illusion.Majority ruleMajority always gets its way..discuss gay rights..civil rights in us..womens rights historically..religious parties like shiv sena in Mumbai..rising intolerance of secularism in india..majority rule can get tyrannical and the minority issues ignored when people get to decide resolutions to minority issues.The irrational voterThe best argument against democracy is a five minute conversation with the average voter . Winston ChurchillTalk about how the common man is largely ignorant about serious issues and hence can vote against his/her interests..u can greatly discuss the recent midterms in us to make this pointbasically ur sayin if we must solve economic issues we talk to economist..if we must solve environmental issues we talk to climate scientists..if we are talking abt what to teach in accomplishment class we take the consensus of scientist not what the common people of the render think (talk abt teaching creationism in schools..a lot of states in us have majority of it people wanting creationism be taught as science even though almost no scientist believe it to be science)not everything should be up for a vote..EconomicallyUr a better person to write abt thisIdealisticShow how its hard to apply democratic principles in practicecorrupt officials..apathetic citizens..uprisings etc.. InstableFrequent elections make the government instableshitload of examples on the internet abt this.. take up we have?It has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all the others that have been tried.- Winston Churchill Compare democracy to other forms of governments like dictatorships, communist states, anarchist, socialist,etc..define and discuss each with respect to western liberal democracy..ive done some of it for anarchist Anarchist Anarchists are those who advocate the absence of the state, arguing that common sense would depart people to come together in agreement to form a functional society allowing for the participants to freely develop their own sense of morality, ethics or principled behaviour. (from wikipedia).One such current society is Somalia, and it would not be hyperbole to suggest they are not doing very well. The lack of a state and police have led to nationwide lawlessness, violence and spiralled the country into utter chaos. I think Somalia really characterizes the severe consequences of not having a state and is not a direction one would want their country to go in. Giving people all the power has resulted in the most powerful and the most brutal of them to take power and the rest of people losing all freedom(ironically).

Effect of Parasite Diversity and Age on Antibody Responses

Effect of Parasite Diversity and Age on Antibody ResponsesThis scan was aimed at investigating the effect of parasite regeneration and while on the levels of antibody responses to P. falciparum in individuals living in an area of temperal malaria transmission system. Two blood st come on antigens (MSP1(19), AMA1) and two liver stage antigens (CSP and celTOS), making a total of four antigens were selected to be used for the vignette. These antigens were tested in archived plasma samples with ages ranging from 1 year to 70 years. The samples were collected close to the end of the rainy season in the months of November and celestial latitude ( prankish season), and April the following year at the end of the dry season (dry season).Of the samples collected in the awry(p) season, 34.1% had parasites whiles those collected in the dry season was 15.5% (table 1). Appawu (2004) report the seasonality of malaria transmission in a neighbouring district (Kasena Nankana District), being hi gh in the potent season and low in the dry season. The high transmission in the wet season could be due to favourable breeding grounds for mosquitoes as a result of several collections of water when it rains and in turn increase the hail of vectors and hence the high event of parasites individuals are exposed to (Ahmed, 1989). This selective information is in agreement with an earlier considering in northern gold coast by Apawu and his class where they found high parasite heading, and high multiplicity of infection (MOI) in the wet season compared to low carriage and MOI in the dry season. Parasite carriage here means the proportion of participants with P. falciparum at enrolment. on that point was however no statistically significant difference in the parasite densities when compared amidst the seasons (p=0529) table 1. There was no difference in the overall ages between the wet and the dry season. (p=0.937). This was expected as most of the samples collected were from the same individuals in the two seasons.To look age related pattern of P. falciparum infection, participants were categorized into three (3) age assorts under 5 years, between 5 and 15 years, and over 15 years. The data shows the 5-15 year olds having higher(prenominal) infected proportion in the two seasons (table 2). Parasitaemia was as well determined using a more sensitive method, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR data confirmed the microscopy data be practise the 6-15 year group besides had higher proportion of individuals carrying parasites at enrolment. This could be due to the fact that they are the more exposed group with incompletely developed immune systems. In contrast, under-fives who are much younger are likely to receive better care from parents thus preventing them from being infected with the parasites. Bed net usage could be one way of protecting the children. Also because of their younger ages they may not be allowed roam around freely. Adults on the ot her hand despite having possible similar exposure as 5-15 year olds, seem to have less parasites because of their developed anti-malarial immunity. This partial immunity is gained with age and repeated exposure thus making the younger individuals more susceptible to infection (Pratt-Riccio et al., 2005 Dodoo et al., 2008). Thus the over 15 year group who are older, had the least proportion of infection (table 2).The study also sought to determine the relationship between IgG levels and age. Figures fig 7 and 8 shows the correlational statistics plots between age and IgG levels in the wet and dry season respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between and IgG levels raised against AMA1-FVO, MSP1, CSP and CelTOS in the wet season. And for the dry season, the significant correlation was between age and IgG levels to AMA1-FVO, MSP1, CSP, and Celtos. The correlation coefficient (r2) and the p values are indicated on each plot. There was however no correlation between a ge and AMA1-3D7 (r2 0.0142, p 0.0699) for the wet season, and AMA1-FVO (r2=0.0114, p= 0.0594) for the dry season. The significant correlations were however very weak. This indicates that though IgG levels increased with age, the association between the antibody levels and age was not so strong and that the influence of age on the amount of antibodies produce against most of the antigens in the existence studied was not that much. until now the age dependent increase in IgG response to the antigens tested may be due to the mature immune system in adults, and could also be due to cumulative exposure to infection over time (Nebie 2008). It is however not known what might be the reason for the lack of correlation with age to AMA1-3D7, and AMA1-FVO, in the wet and dry season respectively.IgG responses to the two AMA1 alleles (3D7, and FVO) was plotted against each other to determine which is more predominant in the study population. There was a strong correlation between the antibody l evels of AMA1 alleles of 3D7 and FVO (r2=0.8382, p) implying that both strains are circulating in the study site during the wet season. A similar arc was observed in the dry season but with a lower correlation coefficient compared to the wet season (r2= 0.5302, p).Antibody titres against recombinant antigens have often been linked to protection from clinical disease (Polley 2004, Nebie 2008, Dodoo 2008, Dodoo 1999, Cavanagh 2004). Where high anti-malaria antibodies is interpreted to mean protection from clinical disease. The important role of antibodies was demonstrated by the passive transfer of purified IgG from immune donors to individuals with P. falciparum infection, which trim parasitaemia (Cohen 1961, sabchareon 1991). Apical membrane antigen-1 AMA1 and MSP119 have been associated with reduced risk of clinical malaria (Branch 1998, Osier et al 2008). Anti-CSP antibodies have also been found to be partially protective where in Kenya high anti-CSP, anti-LSA, and anti-TRAP ( p re-erythrocytic ) antibodies were demonstrated to be associated with relative protection from reinfection (John CC 2005, 2008). The most advance malaria vaccine, RTSS which is a subunit of CSP, has been found to protect to about 35-55% in children 5-17 months for about 8 months (Alonso 2004,) . Also anti-CelTOS antibodies have been shown to inhibit invasion of herpatocytes by sporozoites in mice (Bergmann-Leitner 2010). In this study, antibody responses to the antigens, AMA1-3D7, AMA1-FVO, MSP119, CSP, and CelTOS were determined using indirect ELISA. The optical densities (OD) of the antigens were converted to positive units (AU) where the highest OD for each antigen was awarded an arbitrary unit of 4, to allow for comparison between antigens the antigens tested. Antibodies to AMA1 in individuals living in malaria indigenous regions have been reported to be high, (Thomas,1994, chelimo, 2005), and this study thus reports high antibodies to AMA1-3D7, and AMA1-FVO compared to MSP1(19 ), CSP, with anti-CelTOS antibodies being the least. (Fig 3) in both wet and dry seasons. The data also shows total IgG responses in the wet season was higher than the in the dry season for all the antigens (p) except MSP119 where no statistical differences was found between the two seasons (p=0.85) (Figure 3). The seasonal changes in antibody response could be as a result of higher number of vector (mosquitoes) in the community in the wet season which could in turn increase the exposure of the population to parasites and also introduce new parasite clones/strains in the population and hence the high anti-malaria antibodies found in the wet season. In contrast, the dry season cause a reduction in the number of breeding sites for the vectors reducing their population resulting in minimal exposure and hence the low antibody levels.In malaria endemic regions, the number of different clones of Plasmodium falciparum parasites infecting a person could be a transmission indicator, an indic ator of the hosts immune status, and a useful parameter in evaluating malaria control interventions (Babiker 1999, Arnot 1998, mayengue 2009). It has also been reported that parasite diversity in high malaria transmission areas are high and that individuals could carry multiple genotypes (clones) but the opposite pertains in low endemic areas with most infections being monoclonal (Peyerl-Hoffmann 2001, Bakiker 1997, Haddad 1999). Genotyping was done using block 3 region of the MSP 2 gene (Smythe et al. 1990) because of its high polymorphic nature (Felger et al.,1994 1999 Robert et al., 1996). Also MSP2 was selected to be used for this study because of the high allelic diversity observed in Ghana and other countries bordering Ghana with as many as 154 alleles in Ghana and about 50 genotypes in Cte dIvoire. ( Silue 2006, falk 2006). The results from the two seasons using the 3D7 allelic family primers showed high mean multiplicity of infection in the wet season compared to the dry sea son (1.76, and 1.46, p=0.001) table 3. In both seasons, the number of infections per person ranged from 0 to 4. A similar degree of multiple infections has been reported in other African settings (Ntoumi et al., 1995,Beck 1997, Engelbrecht 1999). The samples used for this study was collected in asymptomatic individuals and the high multiplicity of infection found in the wet season could probably be due to high rate of exposure as a result of favourable breeding conditions compared to the dry season. This study did not find any significant correlation between MOI and age in both seasons (p=0.5768 for wet season, and p=0.4158 for the dry season). The samples were then grouped into two found on whether positive or negative using PCR to detect Plasmodium parasites. No differences were detected in the IgG levels between the antigens tested in both seasons when compared based on the PCR data. This result is similar to that found when microscopy was used except that anti-CelTOS IgG in the parasitaemic group was higher than the non-parasitaemic group when microscopy was used. The disparity in the CelTOS report could be due to the lower sample size analysed using PCR compared to the microscopy.Apical membrane antigen AMA1 has been found to be a promising blood stage vaccine scene antigen but this potential has been dampen due to extensive polymorphism (Remaque 2008).

Was Sir Douglas Haig a Good or Bad Leader?

Was Sir Douglas Haig a Good or Bad Leader?The issue of Douglas Haigs division as a general on the Western Front, during the Battle of the Somme in 1916, has been thoroughly questioned by many historians to date. Through different views and opinions, Haigs skills surrender been both heavy celeb vagabondd and criticised. at that placefore he has been viewed as both Butcher of the Somme and the Architect of Victory, much evidence supporting both parametric quantitys. tho the majority of people be to favour the idea of Haig being a merciless leader, which is totally understandable. For instance, the Battle of the Somme hugely affected al closely every person in Britain, many losing family members. For them, it would pay back been easy to blame the British losses solely on General Haig, and many did just that. However many people saw him as a bluely gifted soldier and leader, and at that place was a good side to Haig, for example, he did manage to pull downtually wear down t he German regular army, and p jelled a part in the result of World War 1. Therefore this controersial issue entrust perhaps be continually debated.The Battle of the Somme was a to a greater extent often than non Scottish battle, with three Scottish divisions participating. This also applied to Douglas Haig, who was born in Edinburgh and was commander in chief. He was blamed for the enormous slaughter of the Battle of the Somme, during which there were around 60,000 British casualties on just the first mean solar day, a third of which were killed. This alone is evidence enough for a lot of people of Haigs failures as a general. However, many of the flaws in Haigs leading of the Battle of the Somme stemmed from the detail that he was commanding a group of sixty divisions, when the usual number was just six. This shows the complete circumstances under which Douglas Haig was commanding at the Battle of the Somme.The Battle of the Somme was a signifi raftt nonethelesst in history this is mainly due to the absurd get along of deaths, even though they were no larger than were to be expected, tho or so people find fault in the fact that Haig kept the army armed combat even when he became aw atomic number 18 of the continuous height of casualty figures. Just like any general, Haig strove for success, however he had a major fault he was extremely optimistic, and constantly believed that the German army was close to surrendering, therefore believing that a win was also close. This positive personality is shown by a acknowledgment which Douglas Haig himself said at the beginning of the war, The situation is never so good or so bad as first reports indicate. However, even though he felt that his army was fully capable of defeating the Germans, he wasnt correct, in fact, Haigs army didnt bequeath birth the huge amount of soldiers, which the German army were able to take proceeds of this clearly shows that his targets were impossibly to achieve, he was just to o ambitious. Haig was also heavily criticised for the ridiculous length of the battle, this was simply because it could have been ended much in briefer than it was, and this would have even prevented Britain in constantly finding fault in Haigs leadership skills. The main reason that Haig even allowed the battle to continue because he wished to straighten his trenches, as this would have had a great effect on his armys flacks. However Haig was also criticised for allowing the British army to fight in the appalling weather at the season of the Somme, although technically he substructurenot take the entire blame for this decision as the idea actually came from the french army officer.Haig was certainly one to override his army commanders, although this is understandable, as if he found their advice questionable past he had to trust himself to make the correct decision alone. However at the beginning of the battle of the Somme, Haig was overruled himself, by the governments of Br itain and France, they asked Haig to attack the German army at that point in cadence, but Haig didnt represent this was because he felt that his armies werent ready however his argument wasnt effective, therefore he was ignored. Haig understood that he would have to plan an attack quickly, because if he took too much cartridge holder to do so then the alliance which stopped the French from attacking the British could be put in jeopardy, and that was a guess that Haig couldnt afford to take.At the start of the battle, the British army looked to have no come ab show up in defeating the German army, in fact, Official History wrote that the Somme was the first date that the British banknote been held with so few men and so few guns. The British army were also overwhelmed by the power of the Germans and after just one day of fighting there were an enormous number of casualties, most of them due to insect bite and hold attacks. In the beginning, Haig was severely short of forces a nd, trying to find a solution, ended up having to leave Goughs twelve divisions alone to defend 42 miles of the front, this resulted in some having very few soldiers. Haig could have managed the Somme better, however by the end of the battle, the British were achieving success against the Germans and eventually the Germans did surrender, in fact the German General Ludendorff mentions in his autobiography, My war memories, As a result of the Somme we were completely exhausted on the Western Front.When considering Haigs skill as an army commander it has to be remembered that the situation at the Battle of the Somme was extremely unique, Haig was handling ten times the amount of forces, most of whom were learning the tactics of war as they went along. After the battle ended Haig was compargond to early(a) generals who sent hundreds of soldiers to their deaths, he was viewed as uncaring and constantly making horrible decisions. Although Haigs opinion of the turn unwrap of the war was n ever do clear, it was suggested that he agreed with the result, as in 1919, Haig defended the fact that the Germans were offered a settlement at the end of the war.The relationship surrounded by Douglas Haig and David Lloyd George was a cause of major conflict and had an overpowering effect on Haigs nature. Lloyd George was clear in the fact that he had no trust or liking for Haig, especially during the Somme, when he didnt understand why Haig was allowed the high casualty grade to continue, especially since this didnt give any advantage to the British. He saw Haig simply as a man with no intelligence, and no understanding, although he also never replaced him, or even stood up to him. However, it was no secret that a war was waged between Haig and Lloyd George. An example of the tension between these characters was on the 1st September, when Haig received a telegram from Henry Wilson, marked personal, this carried a warning, that Haig was to stop preventable casualties during th e battle of the Somme. The clear reason for the telegram was for the protection of Lloyd George however Haig took it that he could strike the Hindenburg line if he felt the lease to do so. The tension between them grew when Lloyd George published his war memoirs, in which he unleashed an attack on Haig, both, simply as a man and as part of the army. This was one of the very little books that really cause chaos for an important figures reputation, especially since when it became available, Haig had already passed and therefore he couldnt even protect his own reputation.However Lloyd George isnt the and politician that Haig had a significant relationship with, Haig and Winston Churchill also had a somewhat interesting relationship, in fact Haig helped out Churchill in the writing of his book, The World Crisis, by sending him parts of his personal diaries which he kept during the war. The reason that this is interesting is the fact that Churchill often criticised Haig, especially as a General during the war. However, Churchill did admit that when reviewing the war he began to think a good deal better if Haig than I did at the time. Unlike Lloyd George, Churchill felt that it would be impossible to find as good a general as Haig was to replace him. Haig didnt mind some criticism from Churchill in his book, but it was that criticism which potently effected Haigs reputation. The conflict between these politicians and Haig meant that Haig had to fight the war against not only the Germans, but also those politicians.It wasnt just Churchills writing that affected Haigs reputation though there were many different memoirs and accounts released after the war, by many different people, for example, David Lloyd George, Churchill and Gough. However when these records were released Haig mentioned to Foch that he couldnt release a book on the war, as it was too soon to tell the truth. If he had written them however, they would have not only been successful, but would have p robably heightened his reputation. However Haigs Final Dispatch, published in 1919 actually had only a small effect on the opinions of the war. Yet, decades later, a revisionist historian, John Terraine revised these arguments and tried to re-build Haigs reputation. In fact, Terraines Douglas Haig An Educated Soldier strongly defended Haigs reputation, his main point being that it was Haig who eventually wore down the German army. However historian, John Laffin, has the opposite opinion, he feels as though Haig should be accused because of his wilful blunders and wicked butchery. This shows clear argument between the two novel historians, both trying to challenge Haigs reputation. Terraine passed away in 2003, however before his death, he did manage to change the way that some people saw Douglas Haig, and he restored Haig to the position of serious commander. Haig was criticised and celebrated by different historians, few ever looking at both sides of things.Haigs reputation was he ightened the most due to his input in helping and celebrating ex-servicemen. Haig devoted a large part of his life, after the war, to charity events and war-memorials. This shows that people were even slightly wrong most the fact that he didnt care approximately the young men fighting in the war. For example, in 1922, Haig travelled to Swansea and 4000 people turned out to see him lay a stone for the city memorial, and in 1925, the Haigs toured Canada some 10,000 people came to see Haig lay a stone on a cenotaph in Toronto. Also, in Glasgow, in 1924, Haig revealed a monument. These days people may be shocked to find out that in 1925 Haig opened the Newfoundland Memorial Park this was where the 1st Newfoundland attack took place in 1916. The fact that Haig was sought after to carry out the ceremony by the government, shows that even though there is constant argument over Douglas Haigs reputation, at this time he must have been highly thought of. This is why Haig was overwhelmed wit h huge amounts of requests to reveal all sorts of different memorials. Haigs speeches at these events were never completely neutral, the issues of sacrifice and the needs of ex-soldiers were constantly highlighted. This made his reputation improve to a lot of people, because they felt as if he was more caring.In the early twenties Haig began to type up his wartime diary, he wished for this to be published after his death. In 1928 a line of war diaries and memoirs began being published, some attacking Haigs reputation seriously, however Haig wasnt alive to see this, as on the 29th January 1928, Douglas Haig died of a heart attack. This death came as a shock to Britain, many people in disbelief. Haigs wife believed that the strain of wartime command had worn out his heart, and the media began to print headlines, field marshal a war victim, Haig was treated just like any soldier who had fought in the war, and he too was seen as a war casualty.The real surprise after Haigs death was th e extent to which the public mourned him his death was treated much more graciously than any other British general. Therefore his coffin was escorted by the two future kings of England, showing that he was obviously an important member of the nation, even though some people viewed him as a callous butcher. This was reinforced because St Pauls, Wrens great cathedral was suggested as where Haig would be buried and if he had been then hed have been buried with Wellington and Nelson, two heroes from WW1, however Haig had wanted to be buried at shell, in Edinburgh, therefore he body was sent north. A clump of people waited for him to arrive, to pay their respects. Eventually he was buried in the grounds of Dryburgh Abbey. However the event of his death just brought more conflict to the argument of Haigs reputation. Again, Haigs reputation plummeted.Therefore Haigs reputation is constantly debated, going from one extreme to the other, barely ever balancing, or being fair to the actions of Haig. However much argument is presented in favour of Haig, the evidence is overpowered by the casualty figures of the battle of the Somme, by Churchills criticisms of Haig and by the tension in Haigs relationship with David Lloyd George, these are the facts people cant just entrust and therefore the points which effect Haigs reputation. Haigs reputation was most significantly analysed through memoirs and accounts, for example of Churchill, Lloyd George, Gough and Terraine, although his reputation took a severe hit after his death also. Its clear that Haig will forever be viewed as heartless general, which is a fair judgement, considering the fact that he was the general in charge during the Battle of the Somme, and allowed the horrific casualty figures to present, and the fact that he let the battle go on for much longer than it should have, for personal or no gain, and thats why Douglas Haig will forever be condemned as Butcher of the Somme.Hedging Techniques Analysis of pros and consHedging Techniques Analysis of pros and consThis report will hold forth the basics of hedging, advantages and disadvantages of hedging. There is description of methods and techniques used for hedging. This also discusses the primary need of hedging. Then follows the detailed calculations of the receivables of 500M pesos due in six months time and the best way of hedging to get the most of it. This report then goes on to discuss the forward tackles and futures along with forward excerpts that are available for individual and basic differences between forward contracts and optionsIntroductionAn unexpected change in commute judge is the economic moving-picture show which is commonly seen as a political disaster or natural disaster. The effect of economic exposures on exchange endangerments is kept out from this paper on one hand. On the other hand the cross-border self-coloreds do not get affected by the volatility of the exchange rates, in terms of the translation t ransaction exposures.Foreign exchange risk does not exist even if it exists, it need not be hedged even if it is to be hedged, federation need not hedge it.When compared with certain results this hypothesis seems to be inconsistent. Different ways have been found out by some empirical researches to stymie different exposures. For instance, in some real causes financial instruments or netting was applied.Hedging and ImportanceNormally foreign exchange rates are primed(p) based on the supply and demand of two currencies and are persuaded depending on both the interest and inflation rates of the corresponding countries. For entering into a contract both the parties those are going to obtain address must have to be familiarised by the forward exchanging rate. Above all relationship between forward exchange rates, contend exchange rates, inflation and interest have to be introduced. Due to some factors such as government intervening and be of transaction, relationship should no t always be hold in the short roam. But however the relationship could be hold on the long run by the four parties purchasing power, expectations theory, the interest rate parity the international Fisher effect.Types of exchange rate exposuresIn an international firm exchange rate losses those are unfavourable are protected by hedging up-to-dateness exchange risk. Thus hedging currency exchange risk can be considered as one of the factors for eliminating risks. There are basically three forms of exchange rate exposures.Transaction exposureTranslation exposure Economic exposureTransaction exposure It is caused when the organisation is driven into certain financial agreements or obligations. The future gains or losses of an organisation are completely dependent on the changes caused to the exchange rates in the future currency flows of the agreements or obligations.The values that were before after the accounts received paid along with those engagements to steal or leasing fina ncial cash flows do not match. The risk of transaction exposure is completely different from the risk of transaction exposure since the former one contains potential changes regarding cash flows.Translation exposure Translation exposure is also cognise as balance sheet exposure or accounting exposure. It is a kind of exposure which occurs when if the financial statements of all the affiliates have been consolidated by the parent company. The denominated currencies of the affiliates are quite different when compared to their parents.Economic exposure Economic exposure is also known as real exposure or operating exposure. It is mainly concerned about the risk of losses in exchange in association with the changes in future cash flows. It is completely different from the former two exposures which operate by long-term diplomatic decisions. There are mainly three barriers for non-financial organisations hedging currency risks compared to the financial organisations. Firstly, models to f orecast forward are not well devised. Secondly, team of management is incessantly hesitant to hedge risks of FX the team seems to risk-averse with respect to FX risks. Lastly, the risk management is less in non-financial firms compared to financial firms. The main purpose of hedging FX risks for most of the non-financial firms is for variance reduction in future cash flows.Some of the advantages of bodied hedging are as below.It can predict the cash flows of the firm that are generated internally can arrange the financing plan of a firm either internally or externally. Also hedging helps for the smoothening of the net income of a firm, which proves to be valuable in the present financial market which focuses attention to quarterly earnings rather than the cash flows in the long-run. Based on the proponents of hedging, some of the many arguments are opposed to hedging. Spending on hedges of currency opt for an slip away in the loss in currency risk exposures. If the management f ails in reducing the risks using hedging, rivalry arises between management shopwornholders, where as the value of the shareholder crumbles.There are several hedging instruments in order to protect our money from getting exposed to the above mentioned exposures/risks. These hedging techniques include spot, forward contracts, options, futures, currency swaps and so on usually referred to as derivatives.The most frequently used instruments areForward ratifys The two parties enter a contract in which they agree on a favourable current exchange rate on a condition future date. Thus this guarantees a customized future payment and due date date and eliminates future volatility. It is tailor made instrument that it includes and specifies all its parameters like money, date, exchange rate and denomination of payment. Also the cost of forward contracts is low comparing with other instruments and the settlement date is up to one year.Futures These are similar to forward contracts but ar e more standardised in terms of script that is about to be exchanged. This is generally intended to speculating profits.Spots This allows us to buy or sell a currency at todays exchange monetary value and the day of settlement will be no more than two business days.Currency Options Options are like contracts but are more costly than contracts. It guarantees a worst-case exchange rate for the future purchase of one currency for another. There is a right to sell or buy but there is no obligation to do so as such giving the options holder substantial benefits.Currency Swaps These are in general long term high value transactions. By swapping their future cash flow obligations the counterparties are able to replace cash flows denominated in one currency with cash flows in a more desired currency.As requested billing in U.S. dollars, forward contracts and money market hedge are some effective techniques of hedging and true(p) guarding the firm from any possible fluctuations and risks ar ising from the same.In U.S. dollar billing we charge the goods at the rate in their home country but enter a contract based on the spot rate on the day of sale, and which means they need to pay the alike amount in dollars when the payment is due. regardless of the fluctuations of the currency rates the company is bound to make the payment of that exact amount of dollars at the end of contract or due date.Forward contracts are mentioned above lock in the exchange rate on future currency transactions and thus reducing their exchange risk. The payment is due in future but the current exchange rate is used for entering into such a contract.Money market hedge is a technique where in the company relies on takeing and investing funds via money markets and using the spot rate to lock in the amount from the receivable. We borrow in the home currency the same amount that we are expected to receive ad invest in the other currency.Billing in U.S. DollarsAs per our previous exports made to Me xico, we will receive 500 million Mexican Pesos. The spot rate of Peso/USD is 15.3555-15.3561, one of 15.3555 is the bid scathe at which the trader will buy from us and 15.3561 is the price at which he will sell.So we need to buy 500 million Mexican pesos meaning we need to consider the spot exchange ask rate 15.3561. Thus the 500 million Mexican pesos will come to USD which is $32.5604 M.Therefore we will be receiving a definite ticker of $32.5604 M after the end of contract which is 6 months. So what ever is the exchange rate at the end of 6 months or whatever be the range of fluctuations we will get $32.5604 M.But the company has to pay an equivalent of $32.5604M which is $32.5604M*15.3555 = 499.9812M pesos. This is mainly due to the depreciation of peso with respect to US dollars.Forward ContractSince the goods have been exported the importer is now short if 500 million Mexican pesos. By entering into a forward contract we sign an agreement with the importer, which states that the delivery of the equivalent of the amount due should be made after 6 months time at the forecasted forward rate which is 15.0123-15.0134 (peso/USD).So as in the previous case we will be entitled to a sum of USD which turns out to be $33.3036 M. Hence we now entered into a future contract which gives us $33.3036 M at the end of 6 months.While we receive $33.3036 M, as an equivalent to 500 M Mexican pesos, the importer needs to pay the trader an amount of $33.3036*15.0123 = 499.9636 M pesos.However if the future rate increases then the importer is obliged to pay the 500M pesos at the prevailing spot rate. But in case the spot rate goes down then the importer has to meet the previously agreed rate for the payment.Money Market HedgeHere we are expected to receive 500 M pesos, so we borrow the same amount from a Mexican bank at the borrowing rate of 2.6% p.a. and we convert them to US dollars and invest the exact same amount in US dollars at 3.1% p.a.We borrow 500M Mexican pesos at 2 .6%, which is = 493.5834M and we convert them into dollars at the prevailing spot rate of 15.3561, which transforms to = $32.1425M and we invest them in US market at 3.1%, which gives us $32.1425*1.016 = $32.6568M. But once we receive the payment of 500M pesos the loan will have to be repaid and we have $36.6568M*15.0123 = 550.3029M pesos, whereas the loan amount is 500M*1.013 = 506.5M pesos. Which means we have a profit of 550.3029M-506.5M pesos = 43.8029M pesos, which in turn is = $2.9176MBest HedgeBy observing the figures, it is clear that future contracts method is more beneficial than the rest of them. This hedging earns us $32.5604M by billing in U.S. dollars, $33.3036M in forward contracts and $32.6568M by money market hedging.DerivativesThe derivative securities market has become quite large in recent years. In 2007, according to the International Swaps and Derivatives Association the notional value of all financial swaps stood at $587 trillion worldwide. The GDP of the enti re world was only about $60 trillion by the year 2008.The swaps and derivatives transfer risk from those who do not want to bear to those who are willing to bear for a fee. It is close to like insurance policy on property or automobile. For example, a put option is to safeguard if the price of a stock is expected to fall. And, like the insurance industry, both parties are mutually benefitted by this type of transaction it is called hedging.Bulk of the transactions in derivative securities is mainly based on speculation than for the purposing of hedging against foreign currency risks. These help in providing liquidity in the currency market apart transferring risk.The sizes of banks and stock brokerage firms in derivative securities may give rise to huge loss which may well bring the entire financial system to a standstill. At the same time, some participants in these derivatives markets are reporting huge profits.SwapsThe derivatives market involves more than just put and calls op tions. There are also contracts involving swapping dictated interest rate payment streams for adjustable or floating interest rate payment streams. Simply put its mutual agreement of two parties which satisfy both the parties.Forward Contracts and FuturesSwaps, caps, and floors are recent innovations in the derivatives markets. The derivatives market traditionally included forward contracts in addition to options (puts, calls, warrants). A forward contract involved a commitment to trade a specified item at a specified price at a future date. The forward contract takes whatever form the two parties agree to. There is also a market for standardized forward contracts, which is called the futures market. The standardization makes possible a wider market with greater liquidity and efficiency. Often the futures markets eliminate the ties between proper(postnominal) parties, the party and the counter-party, and the risk that the other might not fulfil the contract. In the futures market everyone deals with the clearinghouse who guarantees fulfilment.Forward exchange operations carry the same credit risk as spot transactions, but for longer periods of time however there are significant risks involved. A forward contract requires delivery, at a fixed future date, of a specified amount of one currency against other foreign currency payment the exchange rate is fixed at the time of writing the contract. It is to be noted that gain or loss on the forward contracts is irrespective of the current spot rate. The gain or loss merely offsets the change in currency costs.The major active participants in forward markets are arbitrageurs, traders, hedgers who seek to reduce their exchange risks by locking in the exchange rate on future trade or financial operations.There are differences in even the quoted prices, commercial customers are usually quoted the actual price while the dealers quote the forward rate only as a discount/ premium on the spot rate.These contracts are usu ally available for 1,2,3,6 or 12 months delivery. However forwards for odd maturities can also be formulated. With the increase in the maturity and volatility of the currency the bid-ask spread rises.Forward substitution Options ContractIn the options market there has developed some terminology that is somewhat intimidating to the uninitiated. A call option is the right to buy a share of a stock, the vestigial security, at a specified price, called the exercise price or the strike price. A put option is the right to sell a share of a stock at a specified price, the exercise price or the strike price.There is a limited time for the exercise of the call option. An American option can be exercised at any time up to and including the expiration date. A European option can only be exercised on the expiration date. The value of a call option at any time depends uponThe current market price of the underlying securityThe exercise priceThe interest rateTime remaining until expirationThe vo latility of the price of the underlying security.When any of these change the value of the option will change.The options terminology that is most obscure is the use of Greek letters to refer to the response of the option value to changes in the variables which affect it. Delta = the change in the price of the option per unit change in the price of the underlying i.e., the increase in option value if the current market price of the stock goes up by one dollar. Delta is important in creating a perfectly hedged portfolio. The rate of change of the delta of an option is called its gamma. Rho = the rate of change in the price of an option in response to a unit change in the interest rate. Theta = the rate of change in the price of an option with respect to time i.e., the change as the time until expiration decreases by one unit.Vega (this is not a Greek letter) = the rate of change in the price of an option for a unit change in volatility.Despite having the right to buy a call option o r to sell a put option, the rights holder is not obliged to buy or sell but can do so at his will. This will give him total flexibility as to when to buy/sell his options